Websters Corner Wind Farm

Frequently Asked Questions

FAQ- About Bear Head Energy

Question 1
Who is Bear Head Energy?

Bear Head Energy plans to develop, construct, and operate a large-scale green hydrogen and ammonia production, storage, and loading facility at the previously approved Bear Head LNG export facility near Port Hawkesbury in Point Tupper, Nova Scotia. Bear Head Energy is a wholly owned subsidiary of Buckeye Partners L.P. Founded in 1886, Buckeye owns and operates a diversified global network of integrated assets providing midstream energy logistic solutions, including: approximately 5,500 miles of US pipelines; more than 135 liquid petroleum products terminals with an aggregate tank capacity of approximately 130 barrels; vast experience and project support in engineering and construction management and safe and responsible terminal operations; and capital to fund development and construction.

Question 2
Why did Bear Head make the switch from LNG?

Bear Head Energy switched from LNG export as it was no longer viable due to a lack of natural gas availability. The Bear Head Energy project location is ideal for producing green hydrogen and ammonia as ample fresh water and renewable power are available in the area.

Question 3
What will the green hydrogen and ammonia be used for once produced?

There are abundant uses of green hydrogen and ammonia to decarbonize existing and new industries. Green hydrogen and ammonia are fuels that, when burned, produce no greenhouse gas emissions. They can be substituted for natural gas, fuel oil, or coal whenever energy consumers wish to reduce greenhouse gas/carbon emissions. Green hydrogen and ammonia, respectively, can be used to create electricity and heat, as a transportation fuel, or as an alternative to fossil fuels for industries such as cement and steel production. Europe and Asia are leading the current market demand. Still, we are committed to supporting the development of a green hydrogen and ammonia economy in Atlantic Canada to create new opportunities for the region.

Question 4
When is this project expected to be completed?

First deliveries of green hydrogen and ammonia are anticipated by 2028.

Question 5
Does the hydrogen and ammonia production facility have environmental approval?

Yes. Environmental approval from the Province of Nova Scotia was received in 2023.

Question 6
How will Bear Head Energy interact with the community at the various stages of the timeline?

Bear Head Energy will provide periodic updates via email. The company is engaging a community liaison officer who may be contacted for project information. Bear Head Energy will also continue to host information sessions in the community as part of our ongoing stakeholder engagement, which will continue throughout development and operations. Additional information sessions will enable residents to meet Bear Head Energy representatives in person while learning more about the project and providing feedback. Additionally, stakeholders are encouraged to visit our website, www.BearHeadEnergy.ca, to learn more about the project, submit questions, and sign up for Bear Head Energy’s email list to receive notifications of significant project updates and milestones.

Question 7
What makes the hydrogen and ammonia produced by Bear Head Energy green?

The production of green hydrogen requires renewable electricity. Green hydrogen is produced by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen via electrolysis, powered by electricity from renewable sources such as wind, hydro, or solar. This contrasts with the traditional hydrogen production process, which utilizes fossil fuels and produces large quantities of CO₂, which are generally vented into the atmosphere.

Question 8
Where will Bear Head Energy access the renewable energy required to make the hydrogen and ammonia green?

Bear Head Energy plans to develop and operate a wind farm near Websters Corner, Pictou County, Nova Scotia. The wind farm would provide renewable energy to the first phase of the company’s proposed green hydrogen and ammonia facility in Point Tupper, Nova Scotia.

Question 9
Will all the green hydrogen and ammonia be exported?

The initial markets for the green hydrogen and ammonia will likely be Europe and Asia. Local markets will open over time as Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and the U.S. Northeast pursue decarbonization goals.

Question 10
Will green hydrogen production in Nova Scotia increase the province’s overall emissions?

The production of green hydrogen uses renewable energy and is CO₂ emission-free. The Bear Head Energy project will use some energy from Nova Scotia’s grid. The use would be minimal and have a negligible impact on Nova Scotia’s overall emissions. This project will be the greenest hydrogen project possible in Nova Scotia and beyond.

Question 11
Will constructing the green hydrogen facility and wind farms increase the province’s emissions?

As with any green energy development, there will be some emissions during construction, but these investments are needed for a more sustainable future. There currently is no available technology to support the development of a project of this scale without greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during construction. We will do our best to ensure that Bear Head Energy’s projects are developed with the least GHG emissions possible. Our goal is to develop a green hydrogen and ammonia facility that will eventually produce fossil fuel alternatives, which future projects can leverage.

Question 12
Where will the profits go?

Developing, constructing, and operating a green hydrogen and ammonia facility requires significant capital from investors. Like other businesses operating in Nova Scotia, shareholders who take financial risks will benefit, as will local communities and residents. Should the proposed project proceed, it will bring significant benefits to the community, including:

• Over $4.5 million annually in municipal taxes

• 250 direct jobs during the prime construction period (2026 – 2028)

• 20-25 full-time local permanent jobs throughout the operation of the wind farm

• Total wind farm capital spending of approximately $1 billion, of which $100 - $120 million is expected to benefit the local community directly

We are meeting with stakeholders to identify further opportunities to support the community.

Question 13
Is Bear Head Energy hiring?

Bear Head Energy expects to bring 250 direct jobs to the community during construction and create 20-25 full-time jobs during operations.

Question 14
Where can I get more information and stay updated on development?

Visit our website, www.BearHeadEnergy.ca, for more information and to sign up for our newsletter to receive significant project updates and milestones, including employment opportunities.

FAQ- Websters Corner Wind Farm

Question 15
How many turbines will there be?

The preliminary layout of the Websters Corner Wind Farm includes roughly 100 turbines, which would produce 500 MW of renewable electricity.

Question 16
Can you increase or decrease the number of turbines to be installed?

500MW of renewable energy is needed to power the first phase of Bear Head Energy’s green hydrogen and ammonia facility in Point Tupper, NS. During detailed engineering, we will optimize the size, layout, and number of turbines. The current preliminary layout includes turbines with 5MW generating capacity, but this could be adjusted as part of detailed engineering.

Question 17
What are the details of the turbines (size, generation capacity, etc.)?

We have yet to source specific turbines. Each turbine in the preliminary layout has 5MW of generating capacity, with a hub height of 135 metres and a blade length of 80 metres, producing a combined height of 215 metres.

Question 18
Why was wind chosen as the renewable energy source to power the green hydrogen and ammonia facility over other forms of renewable energy?

Nova Scotia is known to have one of the best wind regimes in the world. The reliable availability of wind and its cost makes it an advantageous and efficient renewable energy source. Bear Head Energy supports the energy transition globally and in Nova Scotia. Solar power will also be used for hydrogen production at Bear Head.

Question 19
What are the reasons for Websters Corner being selected as the location for the wind farm?

Websters Corner is an ideal location for a wind farm for many reasons, including:

• Accessible interconnection to the Nova Scotia Power system

• Good wind

• Land availability

Question 20
What is the total area covered by this proposed wind project?

The farm would be on 22,000 acres leased primarily from Wagner Forest Industries and the Province of Nova Scotia.

Question 21
What is the cost to develop Websters Corner wind farm?

Bear Head Energy estimates it will spend over $1 billion developing the Websters Corner Wind Farm.

Question 22
What is the estimated time frame for this wind project? (project proposal, EA, construction, operation of the turbines, green hydrogen and ammonia production)

The Websters Corner Wind Farm is expected to go into service in late 2028, coinciding with the first operating phase of the green hydrogen and ammonia production facility at Point Tupper. Our next steps include installing meteorological towers onsite to collect wind data and other information such as temperature, humidity, and rain. This information will help us better understand the viability of a wind farm in Websters Corner. We are also conducting environmental studies to inform the development of an environmental assessment (EA) registration document. If EA approval is received, construction could begin in 2025. We will continue to engage with residents throughout the facility’s planning, construction, and operation.

Question 23
When does Bear Head Energy intend to begin the Environmental Assessment (EA) process for Websters Corner?

The environmental studies for Websters Corner have started and will continue throughout 2024. The current timeline is to register the project for environmental assessment in the first quarter of 2025.

Question 24
Why is this project prioritized over greening the electricity grid in Nova Scotia?

Bear Head Energy is developing the Websters Corner Wind Farm to power the Bear Head Energy green hydrogen and ammonia production facility in Point Tupper. The Province of Nova Scotia and Nova Scotia Power have separate plans to meet renewable energy and net zero targets within the province. Bear Head Energy’s development facilitates the Province’s ability to meet the net zero targets by making an emissions-free substitute for natural gas locally available.

Question 25
How will this project impact the reliability of electricity in the area/province?

The project will not impact grid reliability. Electricity produced at Websters Corner will be used at our Point Tupper facility. Minimal energy will be purchased from Nova Scotia Power.

Question 26
How will this project impact ratepayers in the area and around Nova Scotia?

We anticipate this project will positively impact Nova Scotia ratepayers. Bear Head Energy will pay Nova Scotia Power to use existing transmission lines, contributing to the fixed cost of operating the Nova Scotia Power grid.

Question 27
Does Bear Head have other proposed wind projects for Nova Scotia and beyond?

This is the only Pictou County wind project for Bear Head Energy. In 2022, Bear Head Energy was awarded 45,000 acres of provincially owned land in Guysborough County, Nova Scotia, following a competitive Request for Application (RFA) process initiated by the Province of Nova Scotia. Bear Head Energy is in the early stages of assessing the feasibility of this project as part of the electricity supply to power our green hydrogen and ammonia production facility. More details will be provided once they are available.

Question 28
Will there be a local office for us to visit with questions and feedback?

Bear Head Energy is working to engage a local individual to serve as a Community Liaison Officer and be accessible to area residents.

Question 29
What is involved in maintaining the wind farm once it is in operation?

Wind farms require regular preventive maintenance to keep operating on a reliable basis. Most of the staff will be technicians who perform this work.

Question 30
What is Bear Head Energy’s proposed timeline for the Websters Corner wind farm?

The current timeline is to register the Websters Corner Wind Farm project for environmental assessment in the first quarter of 2025 and prepare to begin construction in late 2025. The construction phase is estimated to last three years, and testing and commissioning will be in 2028. More detailed timeline:

• 4Q 2023 – 4Q 2025: Engineering Design

• 4Q 2023 – 4Q 2026: Environmental Studies and Wind Resource Data Collection

• 4Q 2023 – 3Q 2025: Other Permitting and Approvals to Construct

• 1Q 2025 – Environmental Assessment Registration

• 2025 – 2028: Construction

• 2028: Testing and Commissioning

Question 31
How will Bear Head Energy interact with the community at the various stages of the timeline?

Bear Head Energy is working to engage a local individual to serve as a Community Liaison Officer and be accessible to area residents. We will host more information sessions in the future so that residents can attend and learn more about the project. Additionally, stakeholders are encouraged to visit our website, www.BearHeadEnergy.ca, to learn more about the project, submit questions, and sign up for Bear Head Energy’s email list to receive notifications of significant project updates and milestones.

Question 32
When does Bear Head Energy intend to start the Environmental Assessment (EA) process?

Bear Head Energy has commenced the environmental assessment studies and modelling for the Websters Corner Wind Farm to fulfill with the requirements of the EA process as cited in Nova Scotia’s Environment Act. Several of these studies are underway, including bird studies and wetland identification.

Question 33
What benefits will this project bring to the community around Websters Corner?

Should the proposed project proceed, it will bring significant benefits to the community, including:

• Over $4.5 million annually in municipal taxes

• 250 direct jobs during the prime construction period (2026 – 2028)

• 20 – 25 full-time local permanent jobs throughout the operation of the wind farm

• Total wind farm capital spending of approximately $1 billion, of which $100 – $120 million is expected to benefit the local community directly

We are meeting with stakeholders to identify further opportunities to support the community. Bear Head Energy has supported local organizations around the Point Tupper facility, such as the Port Hawkesbury Civic Centre and other community events and activities. We will continue this support in Pictou County and the communities in which we operate.

Question 34
Will local businesses be prioritized in this project’s construction, launch, and implementation? For example, local contractors from Atlantic Canada.

Our goal is to engage and work with local contractors with the capacity and expertise to support the development of this project. Contracting opportunities will include clearing, geotech, aggregate supply, road building, excavation, culverts, concrete, hauling, craneage, and security.

FAQ- Wind Development

Question 35
How will you transport the turbines to the site?

Bear Head Energy is undertaking a transportation study with input from Nova Scotia’s Department of Public Works to assess the existing transportation network in the region in the context of specific transportation requirements for the project. This study will identify requirements for oversized or overweight materials to be delivered to the project site and identify if there are any potential limitations (e.g., inappropriate overhead clearance, steep grades). Once an optimal route has been selected based on this analysis, we will assess the impacts of project traffic and identify appropriate mitigation measures to reduce or avoid adverse effects on transportation infrastructure and public safety. It will take several months to conduct the studies and the analysis. Once a draft transportation plan is developed, we will engage the local community to gather input to inform the final plan.

Question 36
How close will the turbines be to the nearest houses?

Setback requirements established by the Municipality of Pictou County are 1 km. Bear Head Energy will comply with all Pictou County by-laws and setback requirements.

Question 37
Will Bear Head Energy consider measuring the 1 KM setback from property lines instead of houses?

Bear Head Energy is working to maximize setbacks, site 500 MW of generating capacity to maximize electricity output, and meet or exceed the Pictou County bylaw requirements. Bear Head Energy is seeking additional land to facilitate meeting these objectives.

Question 38
What is the geolocation data for the turbines?

Bear Head Energy is in the preliminary stages of laying out the Websters Corner Wind Farm. The preliminary layout shows the potential wind turbine locations, but we will optimize the size, layout, and number of turbines during detailed engineering. The current preliminary layout includes turbines with 5MW generating capacity, but this could be adjusted as part of detailed engineering.

Question 39
How does Bear Head Energy assess visual impact and analysis?

Preliminary visual simulations have been prepared to show how the wind farm will appear from several locations on the farm’s perimeter. These simulations are available as a downloadable PDF here.

Question 40
What is the decommissioning plan? Will taxpayers be paying to remove the wind turbines once they have reached their end of life?

At the conclusion of its leases, Bear Head Energy is responsible for removing the turbines. Bear Head Energy will make annual contributions to a decommissioning fund to ensure monies are available for this purpose at that time.

Question 41
What is the lifespan of this wind farm?

The Websters Corner wind farm is expected to be in operation for 40 years, which is the average lifespan of wind farms.

Question 42
What will happen if the wind does not blow?

Bear Head Energy is planning on having a solar farm in addition to two wind farms to provide energy for hydrogen production. When wind and solar energy are not available, hydrogen production will be curtailed.

Question 43
How will Bear Head Energy eliminate safety risks associated with wind turbines, such as flying shreds?

Wind turbines are manufactured according to strict international engineering standards, which ensure a high level of safety. Research from the British Wind Energy Association shows that no human has ever been injured by wind turbines. One unique risk is that wind turbines, as with any structure, can gather ice that can be shed from the turbine in the winter. There will be signage indicating this risk of falling ice. For more information on the general effects of wind turbines on noise, visual surroundings, safety, wildlife, property values, and the environment, please read this document from the Province of Nova Scotia

Question 44
Will nearby houses have strong gusts of wind toward them?

No. Turbines absorb wind energy and convert it to electricity. Immediately downwind from a turbine, the wind speed is reduced. As the airflow proceeds further, the wind energy recovers to its natural speed.

Question 45
How loud will the wind farm be to nearby houses?

A sound study will be undertaken as part of the environmental assessment process. As established by the Municipality of Pictou County, setback requirements for houses are 1 KM. The setback requirement helps to mitigate the issue of noise. Bear Head Energy will comply with all Pictou County by-laws and setback requirements. For more information on the general effects of wind turbines on noise, visual surroundings, safety, wildlife, property values, and the environment, please read this document from the Province of Nova Scotia.

Question 46
Will the shadow flickers from the wind turbines impact nearby residents?

The rotating blades of a wind turbine create moving shadows, known as shadow flickers, that are noticeable near the turbine. The potential impact depends on the time of year, the wind turbine’s physical characteristics, the blades’ orientation relative to the sun, and the presence of wind and sunlight. A shadow flicker analysis of the proposed layout will be completed. This information will be included in our Environmental Assessment submissions.

Question 47
Will each wind turbine have a red flashing light on the top of it?

Transport Canada requires that wind turbines have lighting, such as a red light at the top of the turbine tower, so they are easy for aircraft to see.

FAQ- Land Development

Question 48
How much forested area will be cut for the wind turbines?

Less than 5% (1,100 acres) of the leased area will be cleared. This includes space for the turbines, new roads, and the transmission lines between turbines.

Question 49
How much of the project is on land owned by Wagner, and how much is Crown land? Are there any other landowners?

Based on the preliminary layout, Wagner-owned land accounts for 8,000 acres, and Crown land accounts for 14,000 acres, representing around a 40/60 ratio. Bear Head Energy expects that there will be other landowners, and we are in the preliminary stage of reaching out to them.

Question 50
In what ways is the Websters Corner wind farm the best use of the available crown land for the community and province?

Approximately 25% of Nova Scotia is Crown land that the Department of Natural Resources manages. Crown lands can be used for such things as economic development, recreation, and protection of biodiversity. The land being leased for Websters Corner is currently used for forestry and recreation purposes and provides wildlife habitat. These uses will continue as they are compatible with wind farm development.

Question 51
Do you have leases in place for the land yet?

Bear Head Energy has signed agreements with the Province and Wagners.

Question 52
Will Bear Head Energy lease all the land or just pieces around the wind turbines and for access roads?

If so, how much land will be leased per turbine? Bear Head Energy leases provide the company with a particular set of rights, including the right to build turbines and access roads. The landowner retains rights, for example, to continue to use the land for forestry purposes.

Question 53
How does Bear Head Energy plan to protect and preserve the land and wildlife?

Bear Head Energy is undertaking many studies to align with the environmental assessment requirements cited in Nova Scotia’s Environment Act. This will specify required mitigations during construction and operations to protect and preserve the land and wildlife. Planned studies include bird and bat studies, fish and fish habitat studies, wetland identification, and more.

Question 54
Do wind turbines harm birds and bats? Will Bear Head Energy undertake a bird study?

We are in the preliminary stages of planning the Websters Corner Wind Farm. As part of an environmental assessment, we will undertake various studies to understand the area’s habitat and develop plans to mitigate issues if necessary. There are also provincial and federal guidelines related to birds and bats that must be followed. We will conduct bird and bat monitoring before construction and during operations. For more information on the general effects of wind turbines on noise, visual surroundings, safety, wildlife, property values, and the environment, please read this document from the Province of Nova Scotia.

Question 55
Do darker colours on wind turbine blades ensure visibility for birds?

Wind turbines do present some risk to birds, but they represent a tiny fraction of the birds killed annually in other ways, like flying into buildings or being caught by domestic cats. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has answered this question in more detail here. Bear Head Energy is conducting bird studies to understand bird migratory patterns in the area. The project must adhere to provincial and federal guidelines, and mitigation measures will be implemented to reduce the impact on birds. At this time, more research is required to understand the efficacy of painting turbines darker colours to increase visibility and reduce bird fatalities.

Question 56
Will Bear Head Energy put efforts towards ensuring that blades are visible to prevent bird fatalities?

Bear Head Energy is conducting bird studies to understand bird migratory patterns in the area. The project must adhere to provincial and federal guidelines, and mitigation measures will be implemented to reduce the impact on birds.

Question 57
Will the wind farm drive animals away from the area?

Bear Head Energy is committed to the safety of wildlife. Any issue that may impact wildlife will be identified, reviewed, and mitigated as part of the Environmental Assessment. For more information on the general effects of wind turbines on noise, visual surroundings, safety, wildlife, property values, and the environment, please read this document from the Province of Nova Scotia.

Question 58
How do wind farms impact human health/quality of life?

Safety is at the forefront of everything Bear Head Energy does and is reflected in our safety-first approach. Proper project design will reduce and eliminate impacts on human health and quality of life, such as noise, which will be addressed in our environmental assessment. For more information on the general effects of wind turbines on noise, visual surroundings, safety, wildlife, property values, and the environment, please read this document from the Province of Nova Scotia.

Question 59
Why are areas on the map blocked out within the wind farm area?

Blocked out areas represent land not under lease by Bear Head Energy.

Question 60
Is Bear Head Energy looking at other plots of land that are set back further than 1km from the wind farm?

Bear Head Energy is looking at leasing additional land adjacent to the project area, as shown on the preliminary turbine layout map.

Question 61
Have any other plots of land outside the proposed area been evaluated?

Only plots of land adjacent to the proposed project area have been evaluated as part of the Websters Corner project.

Question 62
If you can’t agree with a landowner for access to their land, will you try to expropriate it?

No, we have no ability to expropriate land for a wind farm.

Question 63
Will the wind farm impact the property values of houses nearby?

Bear Head Energy is committed to minimizing the project’s potential impacts on the community by working with the community and the municipal, provincial, and federal governments. Several peer-reviewed, U.S.-focused research studies find that wind turbines generally do not have any long-term impact on property values. For more information on the general effects of wind turbines on noise, visual surroundings, safety, wildlife, property values, and the environment, please read this document from the Province of Nova Scotia.

Question 64
Do the turbines create any additional fire risk? What precautions will be put in place in the event of a fire at and around the wind farm?

There are examples from around the world where wind turbines have caught fire. Based on our understanding, these incidents are anomalies. However, it is important to recognize that extreme weather and recent record-high temperatures and dry conditions caused by climate change have intensified wildfires across the country. (Canada’s record-breaking wildfires in 2023: A fiery wake-up call. Road access to each turbine will be critical for both installation and ongoing maintenance. Roads in the area will be well-maintained and available for any emergency response throughout the proposed project area. The improved road network will facilitate both fire hazard monitoring and response. Bear Head Energy will develop Fire Risk Monitoring and Emergency Response Plans and work with the Province, the County, and local Fire Departments to outline roles and responsibilities for implementing them.

Question 65
What impacts will the wind project have on the roads in the community?

A transportation study is being conducted, which will result in a draft transportation plan. That draft plan will be reviewed with the community. Should any damage occur to roads due to the construction of the wind farm, Bear Head Energy is responsible for repairs.

Question 66
Is there any information regarding the construction phase, including when it will take place and for how long there will be logging, road construction, and turbine building in the area?

Construction of Websters Corner is planned to occur from late 2025 to 2028. Construction plans will be developed and communicated with the local community.

Question 67
Does Bear Head Energy plan to use the land where the Blue Mountain Volunteer Fire Department is located?

No, Bear Head Energy will not use the land where the Blue Mountain Volunteer Fire Department is located.

Question 68
What impact will the wind farm have on the water supply and wells of nearby houses?

The construction and operation of the wind farm will not impact the water supplies or wells of nearby houses.

Question 69
What happens if the wind project affects the water supply in the area?

Bear Head Energy is responsible for any damage it may cause to any property in the area.

FAQ- Nova Scotia Energy Integration

Question 70
Will this electricity be fed into the Nova Scotia Power (NSP) grid, and an equivalent amount then be taken from the NSP grid for your green hydrogen and ammonia production?

Yes, electricity from Websters Corner will be placed onto the Nova Scotia Power grid and the equivalent amount of energy will be withdrawn every hour. Bear Head Energy is unable to use Nova Scotia Power as a green energy bank. Bear Head Energy has applied for an interconnection request to Nova Scotia Power for the Websters Corner Wind Farm, which would allow for the transmission of electricity from the site to the Point Tupper facility.

Question 71
What will happen with any surplus energy from the project?

Bear Head Energy does not expect to produce a significant surplus of wind energy. Any surplus will be delivered to the Nova Scotia Power grid if needed.

Question 72
Is there a confirmation that this project will integrate well with the Nova Scotia grid?

Nova Scotia Power takes a cautious approach to interconnecting large new customers and new generators to the system. They complete detailed engineering studies to ensure projects like this are integrated in a manner that will not cause issues for the grid. Bear Head Energy has applied for an interconnection request to Nova Scotia Power for the Websters Corner Wind Farm. This is being processed, and we are awaiting results.

Question 73
Will there ever be a point in time when the electricity produced at Websters Corner will go into the existing grid to help green the Nova Scotia grid?

Bear Head Energy does not expect a significant surplus of wind energy. If our Point Tupper facility must shut down for maintenance and wind power is generated, that surplus will be delivered to the Nova Scotia Power grid if needed.

Question 74
How will this impact my power rates?

This project is expected to have a small positive impact on ratepayers in Nova Scotia due to the contribution Bear Head Energy will make to the fixed cost of operating the Nova Scotia Power grid.

Question 75
Is there adequate capacity on the powerline between Cape Breton and mainland Nova Scotia to handle the additional power from this wind farm along with Muskrat Falls, etc.?

Preliminary studies indicate adequate capacity, but Bear Head Energy is awaiting a formal answer from Nova Scotia Power.

Question 76
How will this impact cell coverage?

We are aware of the area’s cell coverage challenges. If the community supports expanded cell coverage, we can investigate if it can be integrated into our plans.

FAQ- Community and Stakeholder Engagement

Question 77
How will communities and stakeholders be informed about the project and its developments?

The April 2024 information sessions begin our stakeholder engagement, which will continue throughout development and operations. We will host more information sessions in the future so that residents can attend and learn more about the project. Additionally, stakeholders are encouraged to visit our website, www.BearHeadEnergy.ca, to learn more about the project, submit questions, and sign up for Bear Head Energy’s email list to receive notifications of significant project updates and milestones. We are also hiring a Community Liaison Officer for the project, and we prefer hiring someone from Pictou County.

Question 78
Does the company have any contracts or commitments with community groups and stakeholders?

At this early stage, we do not have any Pictou-based contractors, but our goal is to engage and work with local contractors with the capacity and expertise to support the development of this project. Contracting opportunities will include clearing, geotech, aggregate supply, road building, excavation, culverts, concrete, hauling, craneage, and security.

Question 79
Is there any First Nations involvement with the project?

We are committed to building on the relationships we have developed, respecting Mi’kmaq Aboriginal Title and Treaty Rights, and supporting the social, cultural, environmental, economic, and educational goals of the Mi’kmaq. Bear Head Energy is developing a Mutual Benefit Agreement with the Assembly of Nova Scotia Mi’kmaw Chiefs. As we continue cultivating a cooperative and mutually respectful relationship, we are working together to create and promote meaningful Mi’kmaq participation in the project and enhance the capacity for the Mi’kmaq of Nova Scotia to participate. Bear Head Energy and Eskasoni First Nation have developed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU). This MOU affirms a commitment to work together and provides a framework for engaging in dialogue to identify areas of joint opportunity for economic activities in balance with continued stewardship and safeguarding of the land and water. Bear Head Energy will seek to support Eskasoni and enhance the community’s development by facilitating meaningful participation in the project and potential business ventures.

Question 80
Will the public have access to the land in the area of the turbines, or will it be restricted?

Will the area of the wind farm be gated off? In general, the public will have access to the area. Per our safety-first policy, we will request that certain safety protocols be adhered to in areas near the turbines. We know there are trails in the area used for hiking, snowmobiling and ATVs. We have started to reach out to these groups to understand their use and how we can work together. We are forming a working group with the snowmobile and ATV clubs, which will include regular workshops leading up to construction and operations.

Question 81
Will emergency services be able to access the surrounding area in case of an emergency, such as a wildfire?

Yes, emergency services will have access to the area. Road access to each turbine will be critical for both installation and ongoing maintenance. Roads in the area will be well-maintained and available for any emergency response throughout the proposed project area. The improved road network will facilitate fire hazard monitoring and response. Bear Head Energy will develop Fire Risk Monitoring and Emergency Response Plans and work with the Province, the County, and local Fire Departments to outline roles and responsibilities for implementing the plan.

Question 82
How will trails in the area of the wind farm be impacted?

We know there are trails in the area used for hiking, snowmobiling and ATVs. We have started to reach out to these user groups to understand their use and how we can work together. We are forming a working group with the snowmobile and ATV clubs, which will include regular workshops leading up to construction and operations.

Question 83
Will the public be able to hunt or trap wildlife within the area of the wind farms both during construction and operations?

The public, including hunters, will generally have access to the area. Per our safety-first policy, we will request that certain safety protocols be adhered to in areas near the turbines.

Question 84
Is there any risk to the public if they are in the area of the turbines? What is a safe distance that people hunting should maintain while near the wind farm?

As with any development, inherent risks will be managed and mitigated. One unique risk is that wind turbines, as with any structure, can gather ice that can be shed from the turbine in the winter. There will be signage indicating this risk of falling ice.

Question 85
Will a Community Liaison Committee (CLC) be established for the Websters Corner Wind Farm?

We have an active Community Liaison Committee (CLC) for our green hydrogen and ammonia facility and plan to establish one for the Websters Corner Wind Farm, with representatives from local municipal government, Mi’kmaq communities, and residents to facilitate two-way dialogue between the community and Bear Head Energy.

Question 86
Will residents near wind towers be financially compensated?

We are in the preliminary stages of project planning and will meet with government representatives and residents to develop a community benefits package.

FAQ- Green Hydrogen and Ammonia

Question 87
How will green hydrogen and ammonia be produced?

Bear Head Energy proposes producing green hydrogen using renewable energy from the wind turbines at Websters Corner. Through a process called electrolysis, water molecules are split into oxygen and hydrogen. Landrie Lake would be the source of the water. The hydrogen will then be converted into ammonia. Liquid ammonia is made by extracting nitrogen from air and combining it with hydrogen to produce ammonia. Ammonia has a greater energy density than pure hydrogen and can be shipped over long distances at a lower cost.

Question 88
Why aren’t we using renewable energy to power Nova Scotia’s grid rather than for the production of green hydrogen and ammonia?

Nova Scotia Power and the Nova Scotia Government are working toward 80% renewable energy by 2030 and becoming net zero by 2035. The production of green hydrogen and ammonia facilitates these plans. Learn more about Nova Scotia Power’s plan here, which includes additional wind and solar power, battery storage, and fast-acting generation, like natural gas, with an eye on the potential future use of hydrogen. The Government of Nova Scotia’s 2030 Clean Power Plan can be viewed here. Electricity is a necessity whether the wind blows or not. When wind power is unavailable, carbon emitting resources are currently used to power grids. In the future, green hydrogen will provide an alternative to carbon-emitting fuels such as natural gas, coal or oil to provide reliable power to the Nova Scotians when the wind isn’t blowing.

Question 89
How much green hydrogen and ammonia can be produced with the electricity from this project?

The energy from Websters Corner will enable the production of 35,000 tonnes of hydrogen and 200,000 tonnes of ammonia.

Question 90
Will all the hydrogen and ammonia you plan to produce be green, or will some be produced using grid power or other energy sources? If so, how much, and what other sources?

The amount of green hydrogen and ammonia produced at Bear Head Energy at any given time will depend on the availability of energy produced by Bear Head Energy’s renewable wind and solar energy projects. Some grid power will be used when Bear Head Energy’s renewables are unavailable to keep equipment warm and ready for rapid start-up. Nova Scotia Power’s grid power will be 80% renewable shortly after Bear Head Energy goes into service. That power is expected to represent between 2 and 4% of Bear Head Energy’s total power requirements. The combination of Bear Head Energy’s renewables and grid power will result in an overall power supply with over 99% green content.

Question 91
What market does Bear Head Energy envision for its green hydrogen and ammonia?

The initial markets for the green hydrogen and ammonia will likely be Europe and Asia. Local markets will open over time as Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and the U.S. Northeast pursue decarbonization goals. Bear Head Energy intends to meet both Canadian and global demand by: • Providing Canada and our allies, including Germany, with clean energy that meets strict European Union standards for green hydrogen and ammonia. • Creating a facility with the scale to be competitive on world markets. This will make hydrogen and ammonia available at the lowest possible cost for the local market. • Enabling the cost-effective distribution of renewable energy nationwide and globally.

Question 92
Does Bear Head Energy have off-take agreements for the green hydrogen and ammonia?

If not, where in the process is Bear Head Energy, and if yes, with whom? We do not currently have signed off-take agreements. However, significant global demand for green hydrogen and ammonia exists, and we have had positive discussions with several potential off-takers.

Question 93
How is the nitrogen pulled from the air to create ammonia? What is the capture process?

Bear Head Energy will use an Air Separation unit to pull nitrogen from the atmosphere and combine it with the hydrogen from the facility’s electrolysers to produce ammonia.

Question 94
What is the efficiency of hydrogen as a fuel?

Hydrogen’s key attribute is that it does not emit carbon when it burns. It can also be stored and transported. It is the lowest cost fuel with these attributes.

Question 95
What safety risks are associated with green hydrogen and ammonia production and transportation?

Bear Head Energy is taking a safety-first approach to all aspects of facility design, construction, and operation. Ammonia is toxic to humans and other animals and harmful when specific concentrations are exceeded. Similarly, hydrogen handling requires special precautions and design considerations. As large-scale ammonia production, storage, and loading facilities are new and a complete set of standards are not in place in Nova Scotia and Canada, Bear Head Energy has carefully considered the optimum safe project design for a green hydrogen and ammonia facility. Bear Head Energy is pleased to have the expertise and experience of Buckeye Partners and leading global engineering and safety compliance organizations to establish a safe and efficient foundation for Bear Head Energy to succeed while keeping the community safe and minimizing environmental impact. We have conducted Consequences Modeling and Quantitative Risk Assessment, which is part of our approved Environmental Assessment Registration. This work informs our detailed facility design to ensure that risk is mitigated and contained within proximity to the project site and does not impact surrounding communities or businesses. Safety is paramount, and one of our core values, and we will not be compromised for an accelerated schedule or budget.